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In 1919, the architect Walter Gropius founded the Bauhaus, the most important and most influential school of design of the 20th century in the town of Weimar in Thuringia. Aiming to form a creative framework for new holistic works taking architecture as the leading art, he combined the disciplines of sculpture, painting, arts and crafts. A new and lasting epoch of building and interior decoration was born and so, artists and teachers like Feininger, Itten, Klee, Marcks, Muche and Schlemmer came to Weimar.
Today, the Bauhaus heritage is still very important in Thuringia. Several buildings in Weimar are UNESCO world heritage sites since 1996. In Erfurt, Alfred Hess's villa was a popular meeting place for artists and architects. And in Jena, the Haus Auerbach and Haus Zuckerkandl have been preserved in their original state and thoroughly restored.